Top 5 Questions Advisors Should Ask Fund Managers
1. What’s your experience and how well is that experience documented?
Documentation should always be the first item you check off your list when making any decisions about fund management. Collect any documentation you can about previous fund experience, and actively listen when they talk about those experiences. How do they describe getting started, and how did they deal with any notable successes or failures? Is there anything in the documentation that they ignore or refuse to mention in their account? If so, explore why. This can be a great opportunity to understand how they feel about their approach and their personal history in the industry. Some managers have had easy success in their careers, and you can hear it when they talk about their experience. Listen for overconfidence, arrogance, or other related red flags that might tell you they have an inflated sense of control over the assets entrusted to them.
2. How would you describe your investment strategy?
Investment strategies are the core of a fund manager’s work and can often mean the difference between the success and failure of a fund. Do they view the process of investing as a science, a series of mathematical equations that they’re obeying? Or do they see themselves as artists, listening to their gut and recognizing patterns that their peers or competitors don’t see? This is important when comparing peer investment strategies. However, it really boils down to a fund’s performance. Therefore, when reviewing a fund’s performance from the year-to-date to the 3-year, 5-year and 10-year timeframe, ask the fund manager if their investment strategy has altered at all. If so, what changed? Any new fund mandates? How does this impact new investments in the fund?
3. What are some investments you’ve removed from your portfolio, and why?
Pruning a portfolio is a natural part of the investment process, but it’s also a process governed by a fund manager’s discretion. Managers can use diverse sets of information to form their impressions about a company or asset, including gut impulses and rules of thumb. Sometimes the reasons aren’t even financial. Some funds cut investments for unethical practices, aiming to build a portfolio that supports green technologies or to avoid those damaging to human life. You might agree with their decisions, and your clients might support them as well. Most portfolio managers sell a particular holding based on share valuation and risk tolerance. There’s no substitute for an informed decision, and this question can help you get the information you need.
4. How often do you report to clients?
Communication is essential in any industry, but in fund management it’s especially valuable. Managers are given control of sizable assets, and your clients deserve consistent and clear updates about how those investments are proceeding. It’s essential that the line of communication between everyone with a vested interest in those assets is open and available. Ask for copies of previous investor communications, including memos and regular updates. How long does it take them to communicate to investors that there is a problem or that a major change has been made to the portfolio? This information is an important baseline for establishing your ongoing professional relationship and determining how much transparency you can expect to experience.
5. When has your process failed?
In case you haven’t already received a clear answer about this, the most important piece of information you can gather from a potential fund manager is how they approach failure. Even if fund managers avoid major mistakes, occasional failure is an unavoidable part of interacting with the complexities of financial markets. Any fund manager you’re considering has failed at one point in his or her career, and the way in which that struggle is explained will give you key insight into the way client assets will be managed. How are failures framed? Are they impossible to predict, forces of nature? Are they deeply personal sources of shame? Are they taboo topics to be ignored? How did they bounce back? A manager’s answers here could predict the response to the next big financial crisis or the next mistaken investment. Mistakes and failures will happen, and knowing that you’re dealing with a manager who responds well to these investment setbacks with a level head will make the assets of your clients that much safer.
Bonus Question: Do they have strong risk-management capabilities?
As the decade-long bull market continues, there’s always the question about when the run-up in the market will end and a recession set in. Many fund managers look to limit downside losses, especially those in actively-managed funds, by focusing on how their strategies perform during down market years. For example, a good question to ask is “How long did it take your fund to recover from the bear market of 2007 to 2009?” Missing out on any compounding returns can be a hindrance to overall fund performance, and those fund managers who are able to mitigate risk in very volatile market downturns tend to lead their fund peer groups.
It’s not only fair but necessary to get a complete picture of the person entrusted with valuable assets. These questions can offer some guidelines when interacting with a mutual fund manager. The information you glean from the answers will give you a better understanding of what you can expect from your fund manager. It will help define the terms of your relationship and the likelihood that your client’s assets will be well guarded. As you know, that is information you can’t afford not to have.
Here at the Buffalo Funds, we provide advisers the rare opportunity to speak one-on-one with our fund managers and hear their investment philosophy first-hand. Just another added benefit of working with a boutique asset manager.
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Christopher Crawford |